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Thesis started 2014 - Defended in may 18^th
Financement :AREP
Direction: Alain Bouchereau

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Abstract:

Oilseed rape is a very demanding oleaginous crop for nitrogen inputs associated with a low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). The main challenge to improve the agri-environmental balance of oilseed rape is to optimize the NUE, especially under nitrogen deprivation. The NUE is limited by a low nitrogen remobilization efficiency (NRE) during leaf senescence. The aim of this thesis was to define the metabolome topology and orientation associated with NRE during leaf senescence in oilseed rape.
The results show that leaf metabolome dynamically evolves throughout their vegetative growth, until their fall. Metabolome was found specific to each leaf rank, reflecting the trophic and environmental relationships related to the leaf positioning in the canopy. These specificities are associated with variations in carbohydrates, amino acids, glucosinolates and coumarins contents in close connection with the phytohormonal regulation of leaf development and with their translocation in the phloem. In particular, the activation of Proline circadian-controlled catabolism in senescent tissues was demonstrated. Finally, significant variations in the degradation and transport of proteins, carbohydrates and amino acids between two highly efficient NRE genotypes were highlighted using a combined transcriptomic and metabolomic approach. Similarly, a close relationship has been described between the genes expression levels and the metabolic content involved to increase NRE under low nitrogen input.
The results are discussed regarding nitrogen remobilization improvement and more generally nutrients in oilseed rape.
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